New Research Finds Yet Another Consequence Of A Prolonged Time In Space Jan 21, 2021

A new study found another consequence experienced by astronauts after a prolonged time in space.

In a recent study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology, NASA scientists reviewed extensive data collected at the Johnson Space Center from nine astronauts. Each had spent a prolonged time in space aboard the International Space Station.

This new research revealed another consequence of space travel, which may be especially important for a mission to Mars. At the same time, its results may also be helpful in aiding the earthbound affected by certain cardiovascular problems.

Prolonged Time in Space Reduces Cardiovascular Capability

Scientists found that a prolonged time in space had a definite effect on how much an astronaut could exercise on a daily basis. Through their research, the team detected a decrease in overall oxygen intake during exertion by 30 to even 50 percent. That number is a definite indicator of the greater cardiovascular health.As they took a closer look, the researchers found that the problem lies in two different areas at the same time. Zero gravity seems to affect both the heart and micro-capillaries or the tiniest blood vessels.

“It is a dramatic decrease…when your cardiovascular function decreases, your aerobic exercise capacity goes down,” said Carl Ade, a Professor at Kansas State University involved in the study.

Professor Ade pointed out that this decrease means that a person cannot carry out physically challenging activities, not anymore. That could be a big problem for astronauts on a long term mission. Especially so during an emergency. Spending a prolonged time in space already has many dangers. As it is, this limited physical endurance can exacerbate any of them.

While this new research has presented another consequence of zero gravity, it may also provide a key to understanding how the heart and blood vessels work, especially in older and infirm patients.

Ade pointed out that these consequences were noted in earthbound people as well. Heart failure of aging led to similar effects. So the team stresses the importance of understanding these changes in astronauts. Any resulting treatments and prevention methods could be helpful both on Earth and in space.

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